For centuries, the prevailing notion regarding human intellect was one of inherent determinism; intelligence was often conceptualized as a fixed endowment, a static measure assigned at birth. This 'fixed mindset' suggested that aptitude was largely unchangeable, leading to educational approaches focused more on diagnosis than transformation. However, contemporary cognitive science has introduced a significant counter-narrative. Researchers now champion the idea of malleability, proposing that intelligence is not a monolithic trait but rather a dynamic capacity built through effort and strategic practice. While acknowledging the foundational role of innate potential, modern pedagogy emphasizes 'growth mindset'—the belief that ability can be cultivated. Therefore, the shift in understanding suggests moving away from labeling individuals based on perceived limits toward fostering resilient learning habits capable of continuous self-improvement.

Based on the passage, what is the central argument regarding the evolution of thought concerning intelligence?

Question

For centuries, the prevailing notion regarding human intellect was one of inherent determinism; intelligence was often conceptualized as a fixed endowment, a static measure assigned at birth. This 'fixed mindset' suggested that aptitude was largely unchangeable, leading to educational approaches focused more on diagnosis than transformation. However, contemporary cognitive science has introduced a significant counter-narrative. Researchers now champion the idea of malleability, proposing that intelligence is not a monolithic trait but rather a dynamic capacity built through effort and strategic practice. While acknowledging the foundational role of innate potential, modern pedagogy emphasizes 'growth mindset'—the belief that ability can be cultivated. Therefore, the shift in understanding suggests moving away from labeling individuals based on perceived limits toward fostering resilient learning habits capable of continuous self-improvement.

Based on the passage, what is the central argument regarding the evolution of thought concerning intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The prevailing view has shifted from seeing intelligence as fixed destiny toward embracing it as a developable skill through effort.. A is incorrect because the passage explicitly critiques the focus on inherent limitations. B is incorrect because the passage argues against viewing intelligence as purely static or measurable only by diagnosis. C is correct because it accurately summarizes the transition described—from fixed endowment to developable skill via effort. D is incorrect because the passage suggests that innate potential still plays a role, even if development is emphasized.