The narrative surrounding globalization often presents a binary choice: whether it has acted as an unparalleled engine for wealth creation, lifting billions out of absolute poverty, or if its structural imperatives have merely exacerbated existing disparities. Proponents point to the integration of global supply chains and increased international trade as evidence that unprecedented economic growth benefits all participating economies. However, critics counter by highlighting the concentration of capital in transnational corporations and advanced economies, suggesting that the rewards of globalization disproportionately accrue to highly skilled labor and asset owners. This bifurcation suggests a widening chasm between the 'global elite' and the precarious working classes. A more nuanced view acknowledges both forces: while global connectivity has undeniably elevated the baseline standard of living for many emerging nations, it simultaneously demands new forms of governance and local policy interventions—such as robust social safety nets and equitable taxation—to prevent these gains from becoming mere superficial improvements atop deepening structural inequality.

According to the passage's overall argument structure, what is the primary conclusion reached regarding globalization and economic inequality?

Question

The narrative surrounding globalization often presents a binary choice: whether it has acted as an unparalleled engine for wealth creation, lifting billions out of absolute poverty, or if its structural imperatives have merely exacerbated existing disparities. Proponents point to the integration of global supply chains and increased international trade as evidence that unprecedented economic growth benefits all participating economies. However, critics counter by highlighting the concentration of capital in transnational corporations and advanced economies, suggesting that the rewards of globalization disproportionately accrue to highly skilled labor and asset owners. This bifurcation suggests a widening chasm between the 'global elite' and the precarious working classes. A more nuanced view acknowledges both forces: while global connectivity has undeniably elevated the baseline standard of living for many emerging nations, it simultaneously demands new forms of governance and local policy interventions—such as robust social safety nets and equitable taxation—to prevent these gains from becoming mere superficial improvements atop deepening structural inequality.

According to the passage's overall argument structure, what is the primary conclusion reached regarding globalization and economic inequality?

Accepted Answer

While globalization boosts the overall standard of living, mitigating inequality requires targeted local policy reforms alongside global integration.. A is incorrect because it ignores the passage's acknowledgment of poverty reduction benefits. B is incorrect because the passage explicitly details structural imbalances that prevent universal distribution. C is correct because this option synthesizes the 'boosted standard of living' (the benefit) with the need for 'targeted local policy reforms' (the necessary condition). D is incorrect because it dismisses the core counterargument presented by the critics mentioned in the text.